Goliath. Goliath is described in the biblical Book of Samuel as a Philistine giant defeated by the young David in single combat.
   The story signified Saul's unfitness to rule, as Saul himself should have fought for Israel. Scholars today believe that the original listed killer of Goliath was Elhanan, son of Jair, and that the authors of the Deutoronomic history changed the original text to credit the victory to the more famous character, David.
   The phrase David and Goliath has taken on a more popular meaning, denoting an underdog situation, a contest where a smaller, weaker opponent faces a much bigger, stronger adversary. Saul and the Israelites are facing the Philistines in the Valley of Elah.
   Twice a day for 40 days, morning and evening, Goliath, the champion of the Philistines, comes out between the lines and challenges the Israelites to send out a champion of their own to decide the outcome in single combat, but Saul is afraid. David, bringing food for his elder brothers on the battlefield, hears that Goliath has defied the armies of God and of the reward from Saul to the one that defeats him, and accepts the challenge.
   Saul reluctantly agrees and offers his armor, which David declines, taking only his staff, sling and five stones from a brook. David and Goliath confront each other, Goliath with his armor and javelin, David with his staff and sling. The Philistine cursed David by hi
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