Biological Illustration. Biological illustration is the use of technical illustration to visually communicate the structure and specific details of biological subjects of study.
   This can be used to demonstrate anatomy, explain biological functions or interactions, direct surgical procedures, distinguish species, and other applications. The scope of biological illustration can range from the whole organism level to microscopic.
   Types of biological illustrations include: Medical illustration. Botanical illustration.
   Zoological illustration. Historically, biological illustrations have been in use since the beginning of man's exploration and attempts to understand the world around him.
   The paleolithic cave paintings were so detailed that we can even recognize species and breeds of many of the depicted animals today. For example, in the Chauvet-Pont-d'Arc Cave, at least 13 different species have been identified. In one prehistoric cave, there is a drawing of a mammoth with a darkened area where the heart should be. If this is indeed the intention of the illustration, it would be the world's first anatomical illustration. In the Alexandrian era, the Greek physician Herophilus, now known as the father of anatomy, performed public dissections and recorded his findings. In the 1st century AD, Pedanius Dioscorides compiled the De Materia Medica, a collection of medicinal information and recipes, containing illus
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