King John. John was King of England from 1199 until his death in 1216.
He lost the Duchy of Normandy and most of his other French lands to King Philip II of France, resulting in the collapse of the Angevin Empire and contributing to the subsequent growth in power of the French Capetian dynasty during the 13th century. The baronial revolt at the end of John's reign led to the sealing of Magna Carta, a document sometimes considered an early step in the evolution of the constitution of the United Kingdom.
King Henry II of England and Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine had five sons: William IX, Count of Poitiers, who died before John's birth; Henry the Young King; Richard I, Count of Poitiers; Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany; and John. Nicknamed John Lackland because he was not expected to inherit significant lands, John became the King's favourite child following his surviving brothers' failed revolt of 1173-74.
He was appointed the Lord of Ireland in 1177 and given lands in England and on the continent. When Henry II died in 1189, having been predeceased by Henry the Young King and Geoffrey, Richard became king with Geoffrey's son, Arthur, as heir presumptive.
John unsuccessfully attempted a rebellion against Richard's royal administrators whilst his brother was participating in the Third Crusade. After Richard died in 1199, however, John prevailed against Arthur and was proclaimed King of England
He lost the Duchy of Normandy and most of his other French lands to King Philip II of France, resulting in the collapse of the Angevin Empire and contributing to the subsequent growth in power of the French Capetian dynasty during the 13th century. The baronial revolt at the end of John's reign led to the sealing of Magna Carta, a document sometimes considered an early step in the evolution of the constitution of the United Kingdom.
King Henry II of England and Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine had five sons: William IX, Count of Poitiers, who died before John's birth; Henry the Young King; Richard I, Count of Poitiers; Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany; and John. Nicknamed John Lackland because he was not expected to inherit significant lands, John became the King's favourite child following his surviving brothers' failed revolt of 1173-74.
He was appointed the Lord of Ireland in 1177 and given lands in England and on the continent. When Henry II died in 1189, having been predeceased by Henry the Young King and Geoffrey, Richard became king with Geoffrey's son, Arthur, as heir presumptive.
John unsuccessfully attempted a rebellion against Richard's royal administrators whilst his brother was participating in the Third Crusade. After Richard died in 1199, however, John prevailed against Arthur and was proclaimed King of England
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