Rosary. The Rosary, also known as the Dominican Rosary, or simply the Rosary, refers to a set of prayers used primarily in the Catholic Church, and to the physical string of knots or beads used to count the component prayers.
When referring to the prayer, the word is usually capitalized as is customary for other names of prayers, such as the Lord's Prayer, when referring to the prayer beads as an object, it is written with a lower-case initial letter. The prayers that compose the Rosary are arranged in sets of ten Hail Marys, called decades.
Each decade is preceded by one Lord's Prayer, and traditionally followed by one Glory Be. Some Catholics also recite the O my Jesus prayer after the Glory Be; it is the best-known of the seven Fátima prayers that appeared in the early 20th century. Rosary prayer beads are an aid for saying these prayers in their proper sequence.
Usually, five decades are recited in a session. Each decade provides an opportunity to meditate on one of the Mysteries of the Rosary, which recall events in the lives of Jesus Christ and his mother Mary.
In the 16th century Pope Pius V established a standard 15 Mysteries of the Rosary, based on long-standing custom. This groups the mysteries in three sets: the Joyful Mysteries, the Sorrowful Mysteries, and the Glorious Mysteries. In 2002, Pope John Paul II said it is fitting that a new set of five be added, termed the Lum