Amalekites. Amalek was a nation described in the Hebrew Bible as a staunch enemy of the Israelites.
The name Amalek can refer to the nation's founder, a grandson of Esau; his descendants, the Amalekites; or the territories of Amalek, which they inhabited. In some rabbinical interpretations, Amalek is etymologised as, 'a people who lick ', but most specialists regard the origin to be unknown.
According to the Bible, Amalek was the son of Eliphaz and Eliphaz's concubine Timna. Timna was a Horite and sister of Lotan.
Amalek is described as the chief of Amalek among the chiefs of the sons of Esau, from which it is surmised that he ruled a clan or territory named after him. The Amalekites were considered to be Amalek's descendants through the genealogy of Esau.
In the oracle of Balaam, Amalek was called the 'first of the nations'. One modern scholar believes this attests to Amalek's high antiquity, while traditional commentator Rashi states: He came before all of them to make war with Israel. First-century Roman-Jewish scholar and historian Flavius Josephus refers to Amalek as a 'bastard' in a derogatory sense. According to the Bible, the Amalekites inhabited the Negev. They appear to have lived a nomadic or seminomadic lifestyle along the fringes of southern Canaan's agricultural zone. This is probably based on the association of this tribal group with the steppe region of ancient Israel and t