Mexican Revolution. The Mexican Revolution was a major revolution that was not a unified struggle, but an extended sequence of armed regional conflicts.
   It has been called the defining event of modern Mexican history. It destroyed the Federal Army and replaced it with a revolutionary army, transformed Mexican culture, and the government.
   It also resulted in a new constitution that incorporated goals for which the revolutionaries fought. The northern Constitutionalist faction prevailed on the field of battle and aimed to create a strong central government, with revolutionary generals holding power from 1920-1940.
   The revolutionary conflict was primarily a civil war, but foreign powers, having important economic and strategic interests in Mexico, figured in the outcome of Mexico's power struggles. The United States played an especially significant role.
   Although the decades-long regime of President Porfirio Díaz was increasingly unpopular, there was no foreboding that a revolution was about to break out in 1910. The aging Díaz failed to find a controlled solution to presidential succession, resulting in a power struggle among competing elites, between elites and the middle classes, which sometimes involved the masses. When wealthy northern landowner Francisco I. Madero challenged Díaz in the 1910 presidential election and Díaz jailed him, Madero called for an armed uprising against Díaz in the Plan
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