Alfred Jacob Miller. Alfred Jacob Miller was an American artist best known for his paintings of trappers and Native Americans in the fur trade of the western United States.
   He also painted numerous portraits and genre paintings in and around Baltimore during the mid-nineteenth century. Miller was born in Baltimore, Maryland, the eldest of nine children of George W. and Harriet J. Miller.
   Miller's father was a merchant and tavern keeper in central Baltimore, and also had a farm in Hawkins Point. Miller attended a private school in Baltimore, John D. Craig's Academy, but did not receive formal art instruction there.
   He may have received his first lessons in art from Thomas Sully. In 1832, with the financial support of his family and art patrons in Baltimore, Miller traveled to Paris to study art.
   He was admitted as an auditor to life drawing classes at the École des Beaux-Arts, and copied paintings in the collections of the Louvre. In 1833, he traveled to Italy, visiting Bologna, Florence, and Venice before settling in Rome, where he studies at the English Life School. During his travels in Europe, he became friends with the Danish sculptor Bertel Thorwaldsen and studied with the French painter Horace Vernet. He returned to Baltimore in 1834, where he opened a downtown studio and advertised himself as a painter of portraits and Old Master copies. Professional and financial difficulties may have promp
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