Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Charles V was Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria from 1519, King of Spain from 1516, and Lord of the Netherlands as titular Duke of Burgundy from 1506.
   Head of the rising House of Habsburg during the first half of the 16th century, his dominions in Europe included the Holy Roman Empire extending from Germany to northern Italy with direct rule over the Austrian hereditary lands and the burgundian Low Countries, and a unified Spain with its southern Italian kingdoms of Naples, Sicily, and Sardinia. Furthermore, his reign encompassed both the long-lasting Spanish and short-lived German colonizations of the Americas.
   The personal union of the European and American territories of Charles V was the first collection of realms labelled the empire on which the sun never sets. Born in Flanders to Philip the Handsome of the Austrian House of Habsburg and Joanna the Mad of the Spanish House of Trastámara, Charles inherited all of his family dominions at a young age due to the premature death of his father and the mental illness of his mother.
   After the death of Philip in 1506, he inherited the Burgundian Netherlands originally held by his paternal grandmother Mary. In 1516, he became co-monarch of Spain with his mother Joanna and as such he was the first king of Spain to inherit the country as dynastically unified by the Catholic Monarchs, his maternal grandparents.
   The Spanish pos
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