Normandy. Normandy is the northwesternmost of the eighteen regions of France, roughly coextensive with the historical Duchy of Normandy.
Normandy is divided into five administrative departments: Calvados, Eure, Manche, Orne and Seine-Maritime. It covers 30,627 square kilometres, comprising roughly 5% of the territory of metropolitan France.
Its population of 3,322,757 accounts for around 5% of the population of France. The inhabitants of Normandy are known as Normans, and the region is the historic homeland of the Norman language.
The neighboring regions are Hauts-de-France and Ile-de-France to the east, Centre-Val de Loire to the southeast, Pays de la Loire to the south, and Brittany to the southwest. The capital is Rouen.
Normandy's name comes from the settlement of the territory by mainly Danish and Swedish Vikings from the 9th century, and confirmed by treaty in the 10th century between King Charles III of France and the Viking jarl Rollo. Rollo's descendant William became king of England in 1066 after defeating Harold Godwinson, the last of the Anglo-Saxon kings, at the Battle of Hastings, while retaining the fiefdom of Normandy for himself and his descendants. In 1204, during the reign of John of England, mainland Normandy was taken from England by France under King Philip II. Insular Normandy remained, however, under English control. In 1259, Henry III of England recognized the le