Bandit. Banditry is the life and practice of bandits.
   The New English Dictionary on Historical Principles defined bandit in 1885 as one who is proscribed or outlawed; hence, a lawless desperate marauder, a brigand: usually applied to members of the organized gangs which infest the mountainous districts of Italy, Sicily, Spain, Greece, Iran, and Turkey. In modern usage the word may become a synonym for thief, hence the term one-armed bandit for gambling machines that can leave the gambler with no money.
   The term bandit originates with the early Germanic legal practice of outlawing criminals, termed *bannan. The legal term in the Holy Roman Empire was Acht or Reichsacht, translated as Imperial ban.
   In modern Italian the equivalent word bandito literally means banned or a banned person. About 5,000 bandits were executed by Pope Sixtus V in the five years before his death in 1590, but there were reputedly 27,000 more at liberty throughout Central Italy.
   Marauding was one of the most common peasant reactions to oppression and hardship. The growth of warlord armies in China was also accompanied by a dramatic increase in bandit activity in the republican period; by 1930 the total bandit population was estimated to be 20 million. Main article: Social bandit Social banditry is a term invented by the historian Eric Hobsbawm in his 1959 book Primitive Rebels, a study of popular forms of resistanc
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