Walton Bridge. Walton Bridge is a road bridge across the River Thames in England, carrying the A244 between Walton-on-Thames and Shepperton, crossing the Thames on the reach between Sunbury Lock and Shepperton Lock. The bridge is the first Thames road bridge which is on both banks upstream of Greater London. The bridge is the sixth on the site. Before the first bridge, the site had a ferry dating at least to the 17th century. Near Walton Bridge, and removed when the first bridge was built in 1750, were several barrows. Spear heads and earthenware vessels are said by J. Douglas to have been found in them. From Elmbridge ferries run by operators under a Crown-granted monopoly, subject to conditions, existed since the Stuart period: as follows: Hampton Court, Hampton Molesey — see Hampton Court Bridge Hampton Molesey Hurst — still operational, established 1514 Sunbury-on-Thames Sunbury Lock — at the north-eastern corner of Walton-on-Thames — discontinued Lower Halliford, Shepperton Walton-on-Thames — now Walton Bridge Old Shepperton, Shepperton Weybridge — still operational The two remaining join those in London and seasonal visitor services in Oxford. Land near the relevant site was said in 1633 to have been washed away, reflecting the lack of the additional river channels at Windsor, Laleham and Weybridge, lack of weirs and former marshiness of the double bend of the river known as Cowey Sale and opposing small meander of land, Thames Meadow on the north bank. A Shepperton ferry is recorded in the 15th century-at which position however is uncertain. Main article: Old Walton Bridge In 1747 Samuel Dicker, local landowner and later MP for Plymouth, obtained permission to build a bridge at Walton. It was designed by William Etheridge and built by White of Weybridge to consist of timbers tangent to a circle of 100 feet diameter and was built so that a single timber could be extracted and repaired without disturbing the rest of the bridge. Old Walton Bridge was completed in August 1750 and acquired some fame, meriting an article in the Gentleman's Magazine, a report in Daniel Defoe's Tour in 1753 and a painting by Canaletto in 1754. The painting, which shows the rococo-style of this bridge, is in Dulwich Picture Gallery. Queens College, Cambridge record that its Mathematical Bridge resembles this much grander structure also by Etheridge — unlike Walton Bridge, Etheridge's bridge there has been rebuilt twice to his design, having encountered minor wood rot, but has never collapsed. The timber structure stood approximately 33 years, that is, until 1783. A report on the condition of the bridge in 1778 suggested that decay in the wooden frame made it unsuitable for use and it was dismantled five years later. The second bridge made of stone was permitted, with additional tolls, under an Act of Parliament obtained by the nephew of Mr Dicker, Dicker Sanders and designed by James Paine, whose bridge Chertsey Bridge still stands. This was opened in 1788. This bridge inspired three paintings by Turner in 1805 of different scenes featuring the bridge following some sketches which have also been preserved; most of these works are kept by the Tate Gallery, though one painting was sold at Sotheby's in July 2018 for E3.4 million, its export then being blocked by the Government for the national benefit. Most of Turner's river tour of 1805 concentrated on the Thames, with a few paintings of the Wey at that time. The bridge lasted much longer than its predecessor, but part of it collapsed in 1859. A ferry crossing was briefly revived until the completion of the third bridge in 1864. The third bridge, built 1863-64, was an iron girder lattice bridge on stone piers. At the same time, a brick viaduct was constructed to span the flood plain to the south of the river. The bridge was freed of tolls in about 1870. The third bridge was damaged during the Second World War in 1940 leading to a permanent weight restriction. To alleviate this a fourth temporary bridge was constructed and the third bridge was relegated to use by cyclists and pedestrians. Robbins described it in 1953 as an ungracious structure of iron lattice girders in his county history. Assisted by the weight restriction and metal design it was longer-lasting than the previous two bridges but was finally demolished in 1985. The fourth bridge was constructed in 1953 on the downstream side of the old bridge, using a construction designed by A.M. Hamilton in 1930 and is called a Callender-Hamilton bridge. The fourth bridge was retained for use by cyclists and pedestrians when the fifth bridge was completed in 1999.
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